Oil-gas burner.



No. 643,304. Patented Feb. I3, I900.

. G. 'r. PHELPS.

OIL GAS BURNER.

(Application filed Mar. 11, 1896.) I (flu Model.) q 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

. a w 7 f "g z THE NORRIS Perms co FHOToLlTI-(Q, vusmqmwou, u. c.

No. 643,304.. Patented Feb. l3, I900.

9.1. PHELPS.

on. GAS BURNER.

(Application filed Mar. 11, 1896.) (H0 Modeh) 2 Sheets-Shee1i 2.

ms NORRIS Perms co. PHOTOLITHOU wnsummow. u. c.

irn

FFCEQ OIL-GAS BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 643,304, dated February 13, 1900.

Application M21011 SBTiitl N0: (N0 model.) i

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LGEOBGE TURNER PHELPS, of Cambridge, county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Oil-Gas Burners, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

The present invention relates to oil-vapor burners of that class in which the oil is vap-- orized and superheated ,under the influence of the heat of the burner itself and the gas thus produced is mixed with air and introduced into a suitable receptacle or burner, as it may be called, having openings through which the gas and air thus mixed escape, the gaseous mixture escaping from said openings being ignited at the outside of the burner and constituting the fuel thereof.

The apparatus embodying the present invention is much simpler in construction than those heretofore produced, and consists of superheating-tubes in the form of a loop arranged over a burner which consists of a chamber having one or more slots in the walls thereof, the said slots forming delivery-openings for the gaseous fuel of the burner. The oil is admitted from a suitable reservoir or receptacle to one end of said loop, and as the pipes or ducts forming the said loop are subjected to heat, being over the burner, the oil therein becomes vaporized and superheated, and the gas thus produced passes downward through an extension from the end of the loop opposite that in which the oil is introduced and thence outward through a small opening opposite a pipeor duct leading into the burner, so that it is injected into the said burner through an intermediate air-space, whereby a certain amount of air is mixed with it and forms a combustible gaseous fuel in the burner, which escapes through the slots in said burner and burns on the outer surface thereof.

In order to start the operation of the device, independent means are provided for heating the tubes after the oil-supply is con nected, and for this purpose one or more dopressions or troughs may be formed in the upper surface of the burner, adapted to be filled with oil and provided with wicks, and

the said depressions are of such capacity as v to contain sufficient oil to burn until the first flow of oil into the vaporizing and superheating tubes becomes converted, after which the gas escaping through the openings in the burner becomes ignited and continues to burn as long as oil is supplied to the apparatus. I have discovered that by making the orifice or nozzle through which the vapor escapes from the superheating-tubes of the proper area relative to that of the burner-openings the tendency to light backthat is, the tendency of the gas to become ignited inside of the burner, and thus ignite the gas at the orifice from the vaporizing-tubesis entirely obviated.

The invention further consists in certain details of construction, which will be h.erein after fully described.

Figure 1 is a top plan View of the apparatus; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section thereof; Fig. 3, a cross-section on line m of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4, aside elevation, partly in section, showing a modification.

Referring to Fig. 2, the burner a consists of a box or chamber, preferably rectangular or of such size and shape as to fit within the fire-pot ,of an ordinary cook-stove, and upon its end walls rests the upper wall of the chamber, which is provided with longitudinal slots b ,which form the burner-openings. The said wall is shown as constructed of bars 12 provided with spacing means,whereby the burner openings or slots are formed between them, and the said bars may be connected together by transverse rods 19 which extend through openings in the several bars, the slots or spaces thus being capable of adjustment by interposing between adjacent bars the washers b The ends of the rods I) extend through slots a at the upper edges of the walls of the burner-chamber a and may be provided with nuts bflby which all the parts are clamped together. As shown, the end walls of the chamber are extended above the top wall thereof, and shoulders a are provided on the inner surfaces of said walls for the support of the bars h a space or clearance being left between said bars and the walls, (see Fig. 2,) so that the bars are merely supported on the shoulders a and not fastened, whereby the expansion due to the heat if not uniform will not cause warping, as would he the case if the parts were formed integral.

The vaporizing and superheating system consists of a pipe or tube 0, having an inlet (1 at one end thereof and extending from the said inlet, which is at one end of the burner, to the other end of the said burner-and thence across, through a pipe or passage to a second tube 0 substantially parallel with the tube 0, and terminating in a downward passage 0 preferably between said pipes, and having an outlet or jet e, opposite the center of a duct at", extending into the interior of the burner a. The two tubes extending from one end of the burner to the other and thence back to the same end are supported upon the top edges of the end walls of the burner directly over the bu rner-openings, so that they are subjected to heat throughout substantially their entire length.

The oil enters the superheating-tubes atthe inlet (1, and the said inlet is preferably provided with an internally-extending distributing device, consisting of a tube 61 having perforations d through which the oil is discharged into the main tube, thus being divided or distributed so that it vaporizes more readily and with less tendency to carbonize the tubes. The oil then passes around through the loop, being subjected to the heat of the burner throughout substantially the whole distance and becoming vaporized and superheated, the resultant gas passing down to the outlet or jet, from which it is injected into the burner, becoming mixed with a certain amount of air, and thus forming a combustible gas.

The construction of the vaporizing and superheatin g system as above described is very simple, and the tubes thus made are in one piece and readily removable from the rest of the apparatus, since they need not be secured thereto in any way, but are merely supported on the top of the end walls of the chamber a. In order to determine the position of the tubes relative to saidchamber, however, shoulders at, Fig. 1, are provided, one on each side, thus laterally confining the tubes, but admitting of their longitudinal movement, so that the distance between the outlet 6 and the burner may be varied, which is desirable, since the length of the air-space traversed by the gasjet before it enters the burner, and consequently the amount of air mixed therewith, may be thus varied to obtain the best results. This capability oflongitudinal movement also renders it possible to slide back the tubes until the outlet e is accessible for cleaning, as by a pick, if necessary.

The vaporizing-tubes are preferably bent at their outlet ends and terminate in a dome 0 from which the outlet-tube 0 extends to the jet e, the said jet and the inlet-duct a being preferably at the middle of the burner. The outlet-tube c is provided at its mouth with a deflector 0 (shown as an upward extension between it and the mouth of the tube 0 this deflector serving to stop any impurities in the nature of solids and prevent them from passing down and clogging the outlet. The said outlet is preferably inclosed in a chamberf, having an air-inlet) of the proper size to secure the necessary admixture of air with the gas injected into the burner and at the same time maintaining the air-supply uni form, the outlet being covered all the time and not exposed by the removal of a cover from the stove, as might otherwise be the case. The said chamber is preferably formed, as shown in Fig. 1, in a box or extension from the end of the burner and provided witha removable cover f extending up some distance above the superheating-tubes, so as to form a considerable air-space, the said cover being fitted, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, so as to form, with the extension from the burner, practically a closed chamber, into which air is admitted through the opening f If desired, however, the dome c of the vaporizing-tubes and the upwardly-extending cover f of the chamber f may be dispensed with to simplify the construction, the air-chamber in this case being completed by a plate or extension 0 'filling in the space between the ends of the superheating-tubes and covering the chamber f, the tubes themselves in this case being outside of the said chamber, such aconstruction being shown in Fig. 4, and a stop 0 may also be provided, as shown therein, to limit the forward movement of the tubes with relation to the burner, so as to prevent accidental placing of the jet too near to the burner-inlet to produce good results. The tubes may, if desired, be provided with openings at various points in order that the interior thereof may be accessible for cleaning purposes, the said openings being indicated in Fig. 4, and provided with plugs 0 by which they are closed.

Heat may be applied to the tubes from an independent source in order to start the operation in any suitable way, as by burning oil in the troughs or depressions b on the surface of the upper wall of the chamber a, as shown in Fig. 1, or, if desired, gas may be used, a perforated pipe or pipes 19 being extended along under the tubes, as shown in Fig. 4, and connected to a gas-supply.

As shown in Fig. 1, the depressions b merely take the place of two of the bars 19 and are preferably symmetrically arranged, as shown, just outside the two legs of the loop 0 c ,which forms the vaporizing and superheating tubes, since it has been found that in burning the two flames tend to come together at the top, and by this arrangement are thus caused to completely envelop said vaporizing-tubes, so that the said tubes become more rapidly and thoroughly heated. The inlet dis connected in any suitable way to a tank or reservoir containin g kerosene-oil, and when it is desired to start the device heat is applied, as by igniting oil in the depressions b and oil is admitted from the reservoir through the inlet d to the vaporizing and superheating tubes. The heat then applied to the superheatingtubes causes the oil which has entered the same to become superheated and converted into gas, the natural expansion of which drives it with considerable force through the jet c into the burner 01.

The duct a preferably extends some distance into the burner, thus confining the gas and solidifying the divergent column which comes from the small outlet e before it is admitted to the burner. To aid in the diffusion and distribution of the gas in the burner, a defiector a is provided extending upward from the floor of the chamber in front of the inletduct d so that the gas is turned thereby toward the sides of the chamber, the current being broken and the gas distributed, so that it is substantially equalized at the top of the burner and escapes through the burner-openings b and immediately becomes ignited by the flame produced by burning the oil in the depressions b and as soon as it is thus ignited it will keep the tubes 0 c heated and thus continue the operation of the device as long as the oil is fedthereto.

' 79 at the sides of the burner-chamber may be added, if desired,"for the purpose ofbringing a flame directly to bear upon the side of the oven when the apparatus is used in a cookstove or upon a water-front, or both.

I claim-- l. The combination with the burner comprising a chamber for the gaseous fuel having openings for the escape thereof, of longitudinally-movable superheating-tubcs sup ported upon the upper edges of said chamber, and a downward extension from said tubes provided with an outlet-opening, the said burner being provided with an inlet opposite the said outlet-opening, substantially as described.

2. The combination with the burner 00111- prising a chamber for the gaseous fuel having openings for the escape thereof, of longitudinally-movable superheating-tubes supported upon the upper edges of said chamber, a downward extension from said tubes provided with an outlet-opening, the said burner being provided with an inlet opposite the said outlet opening, and independent means for heating said tubes, substantially as described.

3. The combination with the superheatingtubes and outlet therefrom, of the burner situated below the said tubes and having an inlet opposite the said outlet; and a wall of the said burner comprisinga number of bars or slats separated from each other to form burner-openings, there being one or more depressions in the outer surface of said wall adapted to hold oil substantially as described.

4. The combination with the superheatingtubes, of the burner below said tubes comprising a chamber open at the top and havin g its opposite inner walls provided with shoulders or projections, and a cover or up per wall for said chamber comprising a series of parallel bars connected together by transverse rods and separated from each other by washers on said rods interposed between said bars to form burner-openings, said bars being supported at their ends upon said shoulders orprojections, and the length of said bars being less than the distance between such walls above the said shoulders, substantially as described.

5. In an oil-gas-generating burner, the combination with the superheating-tubes and outlet therefrom, of the burner below said tubes comprising a chamber having an inlet Opposite said outlet, a series of independent bars supported upon but not connected to the walls of said chamber, and parallel to each other, and means for separating or spacing said bars to provide burner-openings, substantially as described.

6. The combination with the burner, of superheating-tubes extending over said burner and having an inlet and a dome at the end farthest removed from said inlet, a downweirdly-extending passage from said dome, and an outlet from said passage, an inletopening in the wall of the burner opposite said outlet and separatedtherefrom by .an intervenin g space, and a chamber extending to the burner which forms one wall thereof, and inclosin g said downward extension, said chamber being provided with an air-inlet, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE TURNER PHELPS.

Witnesses:

H. J. LIVERMORE, NANCY P. FORD. 

